#fluentd #fluent-bit #kubernetes #elasticsearch #ILM #logpain
The time a spent fixing logs problems … From cleaning out logs that eats disk setting up log-rotate and now Elasticsearch …..
I want a easy log system that setups a Elasticsearch ILM with different life time on the logs depending on a annotation that I set on the pod.
If no annotations well then I want the logs for 30 days. And then a can set different annotations and store logs for 90 days, send to s3 ore what ever comes up.(splunk? redshift? kafka ?)
Fleunt-bit (read logs from pod) –(send to fluentd)–>fluentd(parses logs and send to diffrent output. And add Elasticsearch ILM) —> Elasticsearch
So first things first lets get the logs from our pods in k8s. I use fluent-bit to collect my logs and a simple config.
Here is my two config that I use this will read the logs and send it to fluentd.
I dont do any parsing of logs here when fluent-bit runs as a demonset I cant scale it. But my fluentd runs as a deployment and that I can scale.
(If you want it really good then add a que here like rabbit but it over this post)
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: fluentbit-config
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: fluentbit
data:
fluent-bit.conf: |
[SERVICE]
Parsers_File /fluent-bit/parsers/parsers.conf
Daemon Off
Log_Level info
[INPUT]
Name tail
Tag kube.*
Path /var/log/containers/*.log
DB /var/lib/fluent-bit/flb_kube.db
Parser docker
Docker_Mode On
Mem_Buf_Limit 50MB
Skip_Long_Lines Off
Refresh_Interval 10
[FILTER]
Name kubernetes
Match kube.*
Kube_URL https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local:443
Merge_Log On
Merge_Log_Key data
K8S-Logging.Parser On
K8S-Logging.Exclude On
[OUTPUT]
Name forward
Match *
Host fluentd.events.svc
Port 24224apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: parsers-conf
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: fluentbit
data:
parsers.conf: |
[PARSER]
Name apache
Format regex
Regex ^(?[^ ]) [^ ] (?[^ ]) [(?[^]])] "(?\S+)(?: +(?[^\"]?)(?: +\S)?)?" (?[^ ]) (?[^ ])(?: "(?[^\"])" "(?[^\"])")?$
Time_Key time
Time_Format %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z
[PARSER]
Name apache2
Format regex
Regex ^(?<host>[^ ]*) [^ ]* (?<user>[^ ]*) \[(?<time>[^\]]*)\] "(?<method>\S+)(?: +(?<path>[^ ]*) +\S*)?" (?<code>[^ ]*) (?<size>[^ ]*)(?: "(?<referer>[^\"]*)" "(?<agent>.*)")?$
Time_Key time
Time_Format %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z
[PARSER]
Name apache_error
Format regex
Regex ^\[[^ ]* (?<time>[^\]]*)\] \[(?<level>[^\]]*)\](?: \[pid (?<pid>[^\]]*)\])?( \[client (?<client>[^\]]*)\])? (?<message>.*)$
[PARSER]
Name nginx
Format regex
Regex ^(?<remote>[^ ]*) (?<host>[^ ]*) (?<user>[^ ]*) \[(?<time>[^\]]*)\] "(?<method>\S+)(?: +(?<path>[^\"]*?)(?: +\S*)?)?" (?<code>[^ ]*) (?<size>[^ ]*)(?: "(?<referer>[^\"]*)" "(?<agent>[^\"]*)")
Time_Key time
Time_Format %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z
[PARSER]
# https://rubular.com/r/IhIbCAIs7ImOkc
Name k8s-nginx-ingress
Format regex
Regex ^(?<host>[^ ]*) - (?<user>[^ ]*) \[(?<time>[^\]]*)\] "(?<method>\S+)(?: +(?<path>[^\"]*?)(?: +\S*)?)?" (?<code>[^ ]*) (?<size>[^ ]*) "(?<referer>[^\"]*)" "(?<agent>[^\"]*)" (?<request_length>[^ ]*) (?<request_time>[^ ]*) \[(?<proxy_upstream_name>[^ ]*)\] (\[(?<proxy_alternative_upstream_name>[^ ]*)\] )?(?<upstream_addr>[^ ]*) (?<upstream_response_length>[^ ]*) (?<upstream_response_time>[^ ]*) (?<upstream_status>[^ ]*) (?<reg_id>[^ ]*).*$
Time_Key time
Time_Format %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z
[PARSER]
Name json
Format json
Time_Key time
Time_Format %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z
[PARSER]
Name docker
Format json
Time_Key time
Time_Format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L
Time_Keep On
# --
# Since Fluent Bit v1.2, if you are parsing Docker logs and using
# the Kubernetes filter, it's not longer required to decode the
# 'log' key.
#
# Command | Decoder | Field | Optional Action
# =============|==================|=================
#Decode_Field_As json log
[PARSER]
Name docker-daemon
Format regex
Regex time="(?<time>[^ ]*)" level=(?<level>[^ ]*) msg="(?<msg>[^ ].*)"
Time_Key time
Time_Format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L
Time_Keep On
[PARSER]
Name syslog-rfc5424
Format regex
Regex ^\<(?<pri>[0-9]{1,5})\>1 (?<time>[^ ]+) (?<host>[^ ]+) (?<ident>[^ ]+) (?<pid>[-0-9]+) (?<msgid>[^ ]+) (?<extradata>(\[(.*)\]|-)) (?<message>.+)$
Time_Key time
Time_Format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L%z
Time_Keep On
[PARSER]
Name syslog-rfc3164-local
Format regex
Regex ^\<(?<pri>[0-9]+)\>(?<time>[^ ]* {1,2}[^ ]* [^ ]*) (?<ident>[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.\-]*)(?:\[(?<pid>[0-9]+)\])?(?:[^\:]*\:)? *(?<message>.*)$
Time_Key time
Time_Format %b %d %H:%M:%S
Time_Keep On
[PARSER]
Name syslog-rfc3164
Format regex
Regex /^\<(?<pri>[0-9]+)\>(?<time>[^ ]* {1,2}[^ ]* [^ ]*) (?<host>[^ ]*) (?<ident>[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.\-]*)(?:\[(?<pid>[0-9]+)\])?(?:[^\:]*\:)? *(?<message>.*)$/
Time_Key time
Time_Format %b %d %H:%M:%S
Time_Format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L
Time_Keep On
[PARSER]
Name mongodb
Format regex
Regex ^(?<time>[^ ]*)\s+(?<severity>\w)\s+(?<component>[^ ]+)\s+\[(?<context>[^\]]+)]\s+(?<message>.*?) *(?<ms>(\d+))?(:?ms)?$
Time_Format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L
Time_Keep On
Time_Key time
[PARSER]
# https://rubular.com/r/3fVxCrE5iFiZim
Name envoy
Format regex
Regex ^\[(?<start_time>[^\]]*)\] "(?<method>\S+)(?: +(?<path>[^\"]*?)(?: +\S*)?)? (?<protocol>\S+)" (?<code>[^ ]*) (?<response_flags>[^ ]*) (?<bytes_received>[^ ]*) (?<bytes_sent>[^ ]*) (?<duration>[^ ]*) (?<x_envoy_upstream_service_time>[^ ]*) "(?<x_forwarded_for>[^ ]*)" "(?<user_agent>[^\"]*)" "(?<request_id>[^\"]*)" "(?<authority>[^ ]*)" "(?<upstream_host>[^ ]*)"
Time_Format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L%z
Time_Keep On
Time_Key start_time
[PARSER]
# http://rubular.com/r/tjUt3Awgg4
Name cri
Format regex
Regex ^(?<time>[^ ]+) (?<stream>stdout|stderr) (?<logtag>[^ ]*) (?<message>.*)$
Time_Key time
Time_Format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%L%z
[PARSER]
Name kube-custom
Format regex
Regex (?<tag>[^.]+)?\.?(?<pod_name>[a-z0-9](?:[-a-z0-9]*[a-z0-9])?(?:\.[a-z0-9]([-a-z0-9]*[a-z0-9])?)*)_(?<namespace_name>[^_]+)_(?<container_name>.+)-(?<docker_id>[a-z0-9]{64})\.log$First we need to build our fluentd so we have the gems we need. Here is the dockerfile a use.
FROM fluent/fluentd:v1.12-debian-1
Use root account to use apt
USER root
below RUN includes plugin as examples elasticsearch is not required
you may customize including plugins as you wish
RUN buildDeps="sudo make gcc g++ libc-dev" \
&& apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $buildDeps \
&& sudo gem install fluent-plugin-elasticsearch \
&& sudo gem install fluent-plugin-multi-format-parser \
&& sudo gem install fluent-plugin-grok-parser \
&& sudo gem install fluent-plugin-rewrite-tag-filter \
&& sudo gem install fluent-plugin-prometheus \
&& sudo gem install fluent-plugin-dedot_filter \
&& sudo gem install elasticsearch-xpack \
&& sudo gem sources --clear-all \
&& SUDO_FORCE_REMOVE=yes \
apt-get purge -y --auto-remove \
-o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false \
$buildDeps \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
&& rm -rf /tmp/* /var/tmp/* /usr/lib/ruby/gems//cache/.gem
USER fluentSo now we have a woring fluent docker image that you can run and here is the fluentd-config that make it all happend.
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: fluentd-config
namespace: events
data:
fluent.conf: |
# Forwarded from fluentd
<system>
<log>
format json
time_format %Y-%m-%d
level error
</log>
</system>
<source>
@type forward
port 24224
bind 0.0.0.0
tag kube
</source>
<filter kube.**>
@type dedot
de_dot true
de_dot_separator _
de_dot_nested true
</filter>
#Setup so that logs endup in there correct index based on namespace and container
#
#
<filter kube.**>
@type record_transformer
enable_ruby
<record>
index_name ${record['kubernetes']['namespace_name'] or 'service' }.${record['kubernetes']['container_name'] or 'app'}
</record>
<record>
index_name ${record['kubernetes']['namespace_name'] or 'service' }.${record['kubernetes']['container_name'] or 'app'}
</record>
</filter>
# How ling should e save the index
# If the deployemt has a tag annotions kubernetes.annotations.logtime we can set how long we want to save a log
<filter kube.**>
@type record_transformer
enable_ruby
<record>
logtime ${record['kubernetes']['annotations']['logtime'] or 'default' }
</record>
</filter>
<filter fluentd.**>
@type record_transformer
enable_ruby
<record>
index_name kube.events.fluentd
</record>
<record>
logid kube.events.fluentd
</record>
</filter>
<filter kube.**>
@type parser
key_name log
reserve_data true
reserve_time true
<parse>
@type multi_format
<pattern>
format json
time_key timestamp
</pattern>
<pattern>
format syslog
</pattern>
<pattern>
format nginx
</pattern>
<pattern>
format apache
</pattern>
<pattern>
format none
</pattern>
</parse>
</filter>
<filter kube.**>
@type record_transformer
remove_keys message
</filter>
#Based in the ${record['kubernetes']['annotations']['logtime'] we set the tag.
#
# Then we can use diffrent output with diffrent policies
#
<match kube.**>
@type rewrite_tag_filter
<rule>
key logtime
pattern ^(.*)
tag $1.${tag}
</rule>
# more rules
</match>
# Send logs to elasticsearch
<match default.kube.**>
@id elasticsearch
@type elasticsearch
@log_level info
include_tag_key true
host "#{ENV['ELASTICSEARCH_URL']}"
port 9200
default_elasticsearch_version 7
verify_es_version_at_startup true
suppress_type_name true
logstash_format true
logstash_prefix kube.${index_name}
#application_name ${index_name}
logstash_prefix_separator .
enable_ilm true
ilm_policy_id fluentd-logs
ilm_policy {"policy":{"phases":{"hot":{"min_age":"0ms","actions":{"rollover":{"max_age":"3d","max_size":"20gb"},"set_priority":{"priority":100}}},"warm":{"actions":{"allocate":{"include":{},"exclude":{},"require":{"data":"warm"}},"set_priority":{"priority":50}}},"delete":{"min_age":"90d","actions":{"delete":{}}}}}}
ilm_policy_overwrite false
log_es_400_reason true
# Disabled until https://github.com/uken/fluent-plugin-elasticsearch/issues/798 is fixed
# templates { "logs": "/etc/fluent/config.d/logs-es-template.json", "formative-logs": "/etc/fluent/config.d/formative-es-template.json", "webclient-logs": "/etc/fluent/config.d/webclient-es-template.json" }
template_overwrite true
template_name logs
template_file "/fluentd/index/elastic.json"
<buffer tag,time,index_name,logtime>
@type memory
timekey 60
total_limit_size 128M
chunk_limit_size 32M
overflow_action block
chunk_full_threshold 0.9
compress gzip # text,gzip
flush_mode interval
flush_interval 10s
flush_at_shutdown true
flush_thread_count 4
</buffer>
</match>
# Send logs to elasticsearch
<match 90days.kube.**>
@id elasticsearch
@type elasticsearch
@log_level info
include_tag_key true
host "#{ENV['ELASTICSEARCH_URL']}"
port 9200
default_elasticsearch_version 7
verify_es_version_at_startup true
suppress_type_name true
logstash_format true
logstash_prefix kube.${index_name}
#application_name ${index_name}
logstash_prefix_separator .
enable_ilm true
ilm_policy_id fluentd-logs-90days
ilm_policy {"policy":{"phases":{"hot":{"min_age":"0ms","actions":{"rollover":{"max_age":"3d","max_size":"20gb"},"set_priority":{"priority":100}}},"warm":{"actions":{"allocate":{"include":{},"exclude":{},"require":{"data":"warm"}},"set_priority":{"priority":50}}},"delete":{"min_age":"90d","actions":{"delete":{}}}}}}
ilm_policy_overwrite false
log_es_400_reason true
# Disabled until https://github.com/uken/fluent-plugin-elasticsearch/issues/798 is fixed
# templates { "logs": "/etc/fluent/config.d/logs-es-template.json", "formative-logs": "/etc/fluent/config.d/formative-es-template.json", "webclient-logs": "/etc/fluent/config.d/webclient-es-template.json" }
template_overwrite true
template_name logs
template_file "/fluentd/index/elastic.json"
<buffer tag,time,index_name,logtime>
@type memory
timekey 60
total_limit_size 128M
chunk_limit_size 32M
overflow_action block
chunk_full_threshold 0.9
compress gzip # text,gzip
flush_mode interval
flush_interval 10s
flush_at_shutdown true
flush_thread_count 4
</buffer>
</match>
# expose metrics in prometheus format
<source>
@type prometheus
bind 0.0.0.0
port 24231
metrics_path /metrics
</source>
<source>
@type prometheus_output_monitor
interval 10
<labels>
fluentd shipper
</labels>
</source>Now you can look for index in elastic starting with
kube.namespace.podname
And you can also look for index ILM and patter for the index.
And if you want to change the log standard for the logs you can in your deploy a the annotations
annotations:
logtime: 90daysYou can then add new values to the annotaions and send the logs to diffrent buckets
<match 90days.kube.**>You can also do
annotations:
logtime: default
annotations:
logtime: default.s3
annotations:
logtime: default.90days
And then have matching rules
<match default.**>
Take all logs
<match default.s3.**>
Take only the s3
<match default.90days.**>
Take on the 90days